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ESSEC Working Papers,
ESSEC Research Center, ESSEC Business School

No DR 07023: The Ambassador, Between Light and Shade : The Emergence of Secrecy as the Norm of International Negotiation

Aurélien Colson ()
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Aurélien Colson: ESSEC Business School, Postal: Avenue Bernard Hirsch - B.P. 50105, 95021 CERGY-PONTOISE Cedex , FRANCE,

Abstract: The aim of this research paper is to analyse to what extent secrecy emerged as the uncontested norm for international negotiations after the Renaissance. The first section (1) introduces six key negotiation practitioners in 17th century Europe, including some of the earliest writers on negotiation: Hotman, Mazarini, Wicquefort, Rousseau de Chamoy, Callières, and Pecquet. Through an analysis of their original writings – most of which are no longer available in print – the following sections demonstrate that if an ambassador had to appear in the bright light of royal Court (2), his constant preoccupation was secrecy (3). How to protect his own secrets from third-parties (4) and uncover others’ secrets (5) were central focal points, establishing secrecy as the paradigm for modern international negotiation.

Keywords: Ambassador; Callières; Hotman; International Relations; Mazarini; Negotiation (history of); Pecquet; Rousseau de Chamoy; Secrecy; Wicquefort

JEL-codes: F51

23 pages, November 2007

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