Matthias Efing (), Stefanie Ehmann (), Patrick Kampkötter () and Raphael Moritz ()
Additional contact information
Matthias Efing: HEC Paris
Stefanie Ehmann: University of Tübingen
Patrick Kampkötter: University of Tuebingen
Raphael Moritz: University of Tuebingen
Abstract: This paper examines the integration of ESG performance metrics into executive compensation using a detailed panel dataset of European executives. Despite becoming more widespread, most ESG metrics are largely discretionary, carry immaterial weights in payout calculations, and contribute little to executive pay risk. Such ESG metrics with arguably weak incentive power are common in financial firms and large companies, particularly for their most visible executives, which seems consistent with greenwashing. In contrast, binding ESG metrics with significant weights, which have potential to influence incentives, are only found in sectors with a large environmental footprint.
Keywords: executive compensation; ESG; optimal contracts; sustainability; incentive pay; performance pay; CSR; ESG contracting; ESG metrics
JEL-codes: G30
81 pages, October 2, 2024
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